• Animal studies investigating the role of D

  2019-09-27

  

  Animal studies investigating the role of D1 dopamine receptors in the PFC have focused on delayed response tasks, which require online maintenance of a previously presented stimulus. Striatal dopamine is thought to be important for flexibility and updating goal representations when new information i

• Limitations of the current study in

  2019-09-27

  

  Limitations of the current study, in addition to the ones highlighted above, are its retrospective nature, the potential biased selection of patients requiring bronchoscopy for the etiological diagnosis of pneumonia, the lack of normalization of CMV DNA loads in BAL fluids to cellular DNA content (a

• br Conclusion br Declaration of interest br

  2019-09-27

  

  Conclusion Declaration of interest Introduction Glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] is the main active ingredient in one of the most widely used herbicides in the world. The commercially used concentrations of glyphosate range from 1% for domestic use to 41% for conventional agricultura

• 3\'-Azido-3\'-deoxythymidine β-D-glucuronide sodium

  2019-09-27

  

  The selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are another type of estrogen receptor ligands. The main difference between SERMs and xenoestrogens relies on the fact that SERMs present functional duality and are able to act both as agonists and antagonists of the estrogen receptors in different t

• p and p which are

  2019-09-26

  

  p21 and p16, which are downstream of pAkt and pERK1/2, are tumor suppressors which induce cell senescence and Exendin-4 arrest [[56], [57], [58]]. Inhibitors of pAkt or pERK1/2 can activate p21 and p16 and promote cell senescence and cell cycle arrest [11,12,[59], [60], [61]]. It is well known that

• Recent reports revealed that CSE affects the

  2019-09-26

  

  Recent reports revealed that CSE affects the endothelial cells of various tissues like kidney, liver, heart including aspirin solubility [26,30]. The damage of brain endothelial cells enhances the progress of cognitive dysfunction due to the accumulation of toxic free bio-radicals and activation of

• Some antioxidants including N acetylcysteine and SOD

  2019-09-26

  

  Some antioxidants, including N-acetylcysteine and SOD, have been shown to decrease collagen deposition and protect the lungs in various animal models and even in clinical trials (Chan et al., 2013, Loomis-King et al., 2013, Rafii et al., 2013, Teixeira et al., 2008, Wang et al., 2013). Bleomycin-ind

• During the entire life of individual articular

  2019-09-26

  

  During the entire life of individual, articular chondrocyte as well as subchondral bone receives acute or chronic stress. Joints homeostasis is maintained by biomechanical stress, as rapid loss of proteoglycan in joints occurs due to immobilization or disuse. These osteophytes are fibrocartilage cap

• br Introduction Epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR activa

  2019-09-26

  

  Introduction Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-activating-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) often initially responds well to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) (Haber et al., 2011); however, the disease almost always recurs about 10–13 months of therapy. Analysis of clinical spe

• br Acknowledgement This research was

  2019-09-26

  

  Acknowledgement This research was supported by a grant from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2013R1A1A2011238) funded to Young-Mi Lee. Introduction Stroke is considered a serious disease with high morbidity and high mortality. More than 6 million deaths are reported each year wo

• Besides the assessment of toxicological effects immediately

  2019-09-26

  

  Besides the assessment of toxicological effects immediately after exposure, we also studied the potential recovery of the exposed organisms, through the quantification of ChE activity at specific time intervals after placing organisms in clean test medium. Recovery from chemical challenge, in this c

• Another clinical study indicated the daily consumption

  2019-09-26

  

  Another clinical study indicated the daily consumption of green tea with low concentrations of theanine and catechin would improve cognitive function (Ide et al., 2014). Further, in a double blind randomized clinical study involving 102 patients, the Hypericum extract was examined in terms of effica

• More and more studies are focused on the function

  2019-09-26

  

  More and more studies are focused on the function role of EPAC1 in cancer proliferation, apoptosis and migration. Recently, it was reported that the EPAC-ERK and AKT signaling pathways promote the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) mediated growth arrest and apoptosis in the B lymphoma cell line WEHI-231

• Minocycline HCl In vasculature NADPH oxidases NOXs

  2019-09-26

  

  In vasculature, NADPH oxidases (NOXs) are the main sources of O2− generation that involve in the transfer of electrons to molecular oxygen. Endothelin-1 [25] and thromboxane A2 [26] were reported to induce eNOS uncoupling via upregulation of NOXs. Additionally, inhibition of p47 phox, a subunit of N

• AZ191 Our study revealed elevated basal

  2019-09-26

  

  Our study revealed elevated basal Akt phosphorylation in diet-induced obesity, the effect of which was reversed by ETAKO. Activation of Akt promotes cardiac hypertrophy via a number of cellular mechanisms including activation of its downstream targets such as mTOR and GSK3β [45, 46]. Short-term acti

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